Best 100+ Bihar Gk For All Competitive Exams 2025

Discover essential Bihar General Knowledge (Best 100+ Bihar Gk For All Competitive Exams 2025) facts, including the state’s history, geography, culture, famous personalities, economy, and tourism. Learn about Bihar’s rich heritage, major landmarks like Bodh Gaya and Nalanda, and key political and educational institutions.

Geographical introduction of Bihar

Name – Bihar

22 March 1912 (Bihar-Orissa separated)

1 April 1936 (Odisha separated)

15 November 2000 (Jharkhand separated)

Total Area 94163 sq km Area Percentage 2.86% Height above sea level 173 feet (52.73 g)

Distance from the beach – 200 km

Distance from north to south is – 345 Km.

Distance from west to east is – 483 km.

West Champaran is the largest district of Bihar. Its total area is 5,228 square kilometers. The headquarters of the district is – Bettiah.

Most populous – Patna

Least Population – Sheikhpura

Lowest sex ratio – Munger

Lowest literacy – Purnia

Highest rainfall – Kishanganj

Highest decadal growth – Madhepura

Lowest female literacy rate in – Saharsa

Sheohar is the smallest district in area.

West Champaran is the largest district in area.

Highest sex ratio – Gopalganj 1021

Minimum population density – Kaimur 448

Highest literacy – Rohtas 73.4%

Lowest rainfall Aurangabad

Lowest Temperature – Gaya

Highest Temperature(Summer) – Patna

Political introduction of Bihar

Population 104099452 (2011)

Population % (in country) 8.60%

Place in the country (population) – 3

Sex ratio – 918

Child sex ratio – 935

Decadal growth rate 25.4%

Population Density 1106

Location in country (population density) 1

Literacy rate 61.8%

Male literacy -71.2%

Female Literacy – 51.5%

Lok Sabha – 40

Rajya Sabha -16

Assembly – 243

Legislative Council 75 (Bicameral)

Division – 9

District -38 (New Arwal)

Subdivision -101

block – 534

Gram Panchayat – 8387

Ward – (minimum ward size)

State flower – Marigold

State Bird – Sparrow

State Animal – Bull

State symbol – Bodhi tree

Royal Tree – Peepal

State Fish – Mangur

Wildlife Sanctuaries of Bihar

Sanjay Gandhi Biological Park, – Patna

Rajgir Sanctuary Pant Sanctuary – Rajgir

Gautam Buddha Sanctuary – Gaya

Goga Bill Bird Sanctuary, – Katihar

Vikramshila Bird Sanctuary Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary – Bhagalpur

Bhimbandh Sanctuary – Munger

Nagi Dam Bird Sanctuary Nakati Dam Bird Sanctuary – Jamui

Kanwar Lake Bird Sanctuary, – Begusarai

Valmiki Nagar National Park (the only national park) Udaipur Wildlife Sanctuary – West Champaran

Badla Salim Alizu’s Sahni Sanctuary – Vaishali

Buxar Birds Bihar – Buxar

Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary – Kaimur

Mineral resources of Bihar

Abhak – Nawada

Quartz/Felspar, Gold – Jamui

Soapstone, Silica Sand, Bauxite, Quartz, China Clay – Munger

China Clay, Misa – Bhagalpur

Saltpetre – Begusarai, East Champaran, – Saran

Chosen Stone – Kaimur

Limestone, Pyrite, Dolomite, Sulphur – Rohtas

Coal – Aurangabad

Mica, uranium, lithium – Gaya

River Valley Projects of Bihar

Gandak River Valley Project

Kosi River Valley Project

Son River Valley Project

Rivers of Bihar

Ganga: Origin of Gangotri in Gomukh, Uttarakhand

Length in Bihar is 445 km

It flows through 12 districts in total

Mahananda: Udgam Darjeeling

Length in Bihar is 360 km

Kosi: Udram Nepal and Tivat

Son: Originates in the Amarkantak range of the Maikal Mountains in Madhya Pradesh

Karmanasha: Origin Kaimur Mountains Kaimur Bihar

Ghaghar (Saryu):– Origin Mapchachungo (Tibet Plateau)

Gadak:- Origin Nepal Himalayas Length 640 km

Old Gandak: Origin Chautarwa and Vishambarpur West Champaran Length – 320 km

Bagmati: Origin Shivpuri range Himalaya Nepal Length – 589 km

Kamla: Origin Mahabharata Range Sindhulia Gadhi Nepal Length 328 km

Punpun: Udgam  Chhotanagpur Plateau Palagu Jharkhand

Falgu: Origin: Confluence of Niranjana and Mohana, Gaya

Kiul: Origin third hill region Giridih Jharkhand

Ajay: Udgam Deoghar Jharkhand

Lakes of Bihar

Kanwar Lake – Begusarai

Goga Lake – Katihar

Simri Bakhtiyarpur Lake – Saharsa

Kusheshwar Sthan Lake – Darbhanga

Industries of Bihar

Sindoor Industry – Lakhisarai

Silk Industry – Bhagalpur

Gun Factory Cigarette Factory – Munger

Jute Industry/Matches – Katihar

Thermal Power Station (Central) Fertilizer Industry (Central) – Barauni

Paper Industry – Darbhanga, Samastipur

Fireworks Industry Bihar State Scooters Ltd. – Fatuha

Patna Dairy Industry – Patna

Bharat Bagan & Engineering Company Limited (Central) Leather (Shoe) Industry -Mokama

Cotton textile industry – Gaya

Mining Industry – Aurangabad

Cement Industry – Rohtas, Dalmia Nagar

Plywood Factory – Vaishali Hajipur

Tourist Places in Bihar

Valmiki Nagar Vairaj, Valmiki National Park, Mitiharwa Ashram – West Champaran

Archaeological Site (Chirand) – Saran

Jagdishpur Fort (Ara) – Bhojpur

Mudeshwari Devi Temple – Kaimur

Jalalgarh Fort – Purnia

Kandatta Sun Temple, – Saharsa

Tomb of Mahmud Shah – Bhagalpur

Munger Fort – Munger

Upasth Garh – Nawada

Mahabodhi Temple, Bodhi Tree (5th generation), Buddha Kund, Dungeshwari Hill, Vishnupad Temple, Ramshila Hill, Pretshila Hill,

Brahmayoni Mountain – Gaya (Bodhgaya)

Nalanda University Vishwa Shanti Stupa Rajgir – Nalanda

Golghar, Buddha Smriti Park, Shaheed Smarak, Patthar Ki Masjid, Shershah Suri Mosque, Khudawakhsh Library, Sadaqat

Ashram, Agamkuan, Gandhi Bridge, Planetarium, Potter, Patna Sahib – Patna

Lauriya Areraj, Kesaria Stupa – East Champaran

Vishwa Shanti Stupa, Ashoka Pillar, Sonpur Mela Vaishali

Bihar Miscellaneous

Someshwar Hill – West Champaran

Most Foreign Currency – Gopalganj

Naked Rebellion – Saran

First Lichchhavi Republic – Vaishali

Battle of Buxar – Buxar

Dalmia Cement Factory – Rohtas

Litchi – Muzaffarpur

Madhubani Painting – Madhubani

Diesel Engine Factory – Madhepura

Jute Industries – Katihar

Ang Mahajanpad Vikramshila University Kela Udyog – Bhagalpur

Yoga University Cigarette, Gun Industry Mir Qasim’s Fort – Munger

Bakhtiar Khilji (lit. Nalanda University) Biharsharif Police Academy – Nalanda

Kakolat Waterfalls – Nawada

Agricultural University Pusa – Samastipur

Kanwar Lake Railway Bridge Barauni Oil Refinery – Vegusaraai

Ancient history of Bihar

Lauria Nandan Garh – West Champaran

Tools made of deerskin Neolithic period remains (Chirand) Bone objects Micro tools made of stone – Saran

Objects made of bone Micro tools made of stone Pottery Clay pottery Neolithic remains (Chechar) World The first democratic system of governance – Vaishali

Mahajanapada Magadha (Capital Girivraj Rajgriha) – Gaya

Stone axe Stone tools Remains of Middle Stone Age – Munger

Mahajanapada Anga (Capital Champa) – Bhagalpur

Kesaria Stupa Buddhist Stupa, Lauriya Areraj – East Champaran

Mahajatapada Vajji (capital Vaishali Videha Mithila) – Darbhanga

Rise of Magadha State

(1) Brihadratha Dynasty

Period:- 1700-682 BC, Capital – Rajgir

Founder – Brihadratha

Other rulers – Jarasangha

Last ruler – Ripunjaya

Key Points According to the Puranas, the dynasty of Magadha started from Brihadratha.

(2) Haryak dynasty

Period:- 544-412 BC, capital – Rajgir

Founder – Bimbisara

Last ruler – Nagadashaka

Other rulers: Ajatashatru, Udayin Key points Standing army | Elephants were used in the army for the first time. First Buddhist Council was held during the time of Ajatashatru. Udayin shifted the capital to Pataliputra.

(3) Shishunaga Dynasty

Period:- 412 344 BC, capital – Vaishali

Founder – Shishunag

Last ruler – Nandivardhana

Other rulers: Kalashoka Key points Shishunaga conquered Avanti, Koshala and Vatsa and established the Magadha Empire Expanded.

(4) Nanda dynasty

Period:- 344 323 BC, capital – Pataliputra

Founder – Mahapadmananda

Last ruler – Dhanananda

Other ruling major points: Mahapadmananda assumed the title of Ekarata. The first ruler who conquered the south of Vindhya. During the time of Dhananand, Alexander (Greek) attacked.

(5) Maurya dynasty

Period:- 323-298 BC, capital – Pataliputra

Founder – Chandragupta Maurya

The last ruler was – Brihadratha

Other rulers: Bindusara, Ashoka Main points Rise of Maurya dynasty with the help of Chanakya Full description of Chandragupta’s administration in Arthashastra (Kautilya) Megasthenes, the envoy of Seleucus, has described the city administration and military administration of Pataliputra in his book ‘Indica’.

(6) Gupta Dynasty

Period:- 319-467 CE, capital – Pataliputra

Founder – Shrigupta

Last ruler – Vishnugupta

Other rulers: Chandragupta I, Chandragupta II, Kumar Gupta I, Samudra Gupta, Skandgupta Main points The real founder Chandragupta II. Chandragupta. He was the first ruler who assumed the title of ‘Mahadhiraja’. Chinese traveler Fa Hien (stayed in India for 14 years) Chandragupta. (It came during the time of Vikramaditya, Devaraja, Devgupta and title of Devshree).

Buddhism

Mahatma Buddha

Birth – 563 BC, Death – 483 BC (Mahaparinirvana)

Place of Birth – Lumbini of Kapilvastu

clan – shakya

Place of death – Kushinagar

childhood name – siddharth

Father – Shuddhodhan

Mother – Mahamaya

Stepmother – Prajapati Gautami

Wife – Yashodhara (Son – Rahul)

Triratna: – Buddha, Dhamma and Sangha

Renunciation of household at 29 years (Mahaminiskramana), attainment of enlightenment at 35 years (on the night of Vaishakha Poornima on the banks of river Niranjana)

Jainism

Lord Mahavir

Born – 540 BC, died – 468 BC

Place of Birth – Kundayam

Total – Denominator

Place of death – pawapuri

Father – siddhartha

Mother – Trishala (Licchavi princess, sister of Chetaka)

Wife – Yashoda

Daughter – priyadarshini

Son-in-law – jamli

Renunciation of home at the age of 30, Kaivalya (highest caste) at the age of 42, on the banks of the river Rijupalika, under the Sal tree Mahavira was called Kevalit, Jin (conqueror), Ahanta (worthy) and Nirgantha (without bondage).

Mahavira is the 24th Tirthankara (first Rishabhdev, 23rd Parshvanatha)

Trirat right view:- right knowledge and right character

Panch Mahavrat: non-violence, always speaking the truth, non-stealing, non-possession of property, celibacy

Bihar’s role in the national movement

Revolt of 1857: –

12 June 1857

Deoghar Rohini Village

The killing of the local Major by a detachment of the 30th Regiment is considered the beginning of the rebellion in Bihar

Khilafat Movement

1919

Patna, Gaya, Munger, Purnia

Various meetings were organized in support of this

Efforts to awaken the masses in Bihar through Maulana Majkal Haq’s magazine ‘The Motherland’

Non-cooperation movement

August 1920

Bhagalpur

Establishment of President Rajendra Prasad National College (later Bihar Vidyapeeth 1921)

Swaraj Dal

December 1928

Patna

Massive protest against the arrival of Simon Commission, black flags were shown

Civil disobedience movement

15 April 1930

Saran Champaran

Satyagraha was formally started by making salt from salty soil

Individual satyagraha

1939

Bihar

Prerna Vinobha Bhave

The first Satyagrahi Shri Krishna Singh

First women satyagrahis Janaki Devi, Jagatrani Devi

Quit India Movement

9 August 1942

Patna Rajendra Prasad was arrested and kept in Bankipur (Patna) jail. Baldev Sahay resigned from the post of Advocate General.

11 August 1942

Patna

Secretariat incident

During this time, 7 students were martyred in police firing on the orders of Patna District Officer WG Arthur –

• Umakant Sinha
• Satish Prasad Jha
• Ramanand Singh
• Rajendra Singh
• Jagatpati Kumar Singh
• Devi Prada Chaudhary
• Ramgovind Singh

Famous people of bihar

Shri Krishna Singh

Title – Bihar Kesari and Shri Babu Bihar’s first Chief Minister, creator of modern Bihar, ended the Zamindari system to the first Chief Minister

Rahul Sankrityayan

Original name Kedar Nath Padiya participated in the non-cooperation movement of Chhapra, prominent leader of the farmers’ movement

Anugrah Narayan Sinha

Born: 18 June 1887

title: bihar vibhuti

Participated in Champaran Satyagraha, joined Bihar Provincial Congress Committee (1921)

President: (1928-29)

Secretary: (1935)

First Deputy: Chief Minister

Shyam Nandan Mishra

(Born: 20 October 1920)

Participated in Quit India Movement, Editor, Liberator and Bihar Vaibhav, former Foreign Minister

Bhikhari Thakur

Born: on 18 December 1887 (Saran) Famous Bhojpuri playwright, writer of Bideshiya, brother-opposition, daughter-separation, Kalyug Prem etc.

Maulana Majhakal Hqr

Born: on 22 December 1866 (Patna)

Participated in Champaran Satyagraha Led Home Rule Movement in Patna Weekly newspaper ‘The Motherland’ (1921) Participated in Non-cooperation Movement

Syed Hasan Imam

Born: 31 August 1871 (Patna)

President Indian National Congress (1918)

Active participation in Khilafat Movement

Secretary Swadeshi League (Patna) Founding Member Searchlight (newspaper)

Yogendra Shukla

Born: in 1896 (Muzaffarpur)

Active Participation in Quit India Movement Member of Bihar Legislative Assembly (1958)

Dr Rajendra Prasad

Born: 3 December 1884

first president of india

Title: Deshratna, Ajatashatru, Saint President

Jagjivan Ram

born: 5 April

Title: – Babuji

first labor – minister

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